Welcome to Module 1
Stress is a natural physiological and psychological response to perceived challenges or demands. In this opening lesson, we explore what stress actually is, how it evolved as a survival mechanism, and why understanding it is the foundation for managing it effectively.
Learning Objectives
- Define stress and distinguish between eustress (positive stress) and distress (negative stress)
- Understand the fight-flight-freeze response and its evolutionary purpose
- Identify the key hormones involved in the stress response (cortisol, adrenaline)
- Recognise the difference between acute and chronic stress
The Stress Response
When your brain perceives a threat – whether it’s a car swerving towards you or a tight work deadline – it triggers a cascade of hormonal responses. The amygdala (your brain’s alarm system) sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus, which activates your sympathetic nervous system.
This triggers the release of adrenaline and cortisol, causing:
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure
- Rapid breathing
- Muscle tension
- Heightened senses and alertness
- Slowed digestion
Eustress vs Distress
Not all stress is harmful. Eustress is the positive stress that motivates you, helps you perform under pressure, and drives growth. Distress occurs when stress exceeds your ability to cope and begins to impact your health and wellbeing.
Key Takeaway
Stress is not inherently bad – it’s your body’s way of preparing you to respond to challenges. The key is understanding when stress becomes chronic or overwhelming, which we’ll explore in the next lesson.
Reflection Activity
Take a moment to think about a recent stressful event. Can you identify whether it was eustress or distress? What physical sensations did you notice? Write your observations in your course journal.
Next: The Neurobiology of Stress – what happens in your brain and body under prolonged pressure.
Resources: Mind Health Interactive Stress Management Guide | Understanding Stress Fact Sheet
Visual Reference



